This paper demonstrates the impact of sub-cultural identities on the stability of the state and the extent of the challenge facing the national identity in Morocco and Algeria. It also undertakes a comparative analysis of identity policy in France, which was characterized, to some extent, by its ability to integrate sub-cultures into a national identity, which enabled it to avoid the danger of cultural conflicts and its negative impact on the unity of society. The research examines the extent to which public policies in Morocco and Algeria were able to impose elements of a general national identity, and how this can be aligned with rights and freedoms related to cultural identity. The paper hypothesizes that the state's inability to manage conflicts related to cultural differences negatively affects political and social stability and increases the risk of division. The paper will examine this hypothesis in three different cases: in Morocco and Algeria, where the growing Amazigh tide poses challenges to policies seeking to stabilize society in these two countries, and in France, where the strict integration of local cultures into the national identity succeeded in alleviating the conflict about cultural demands and spared the country the danger of division.