This study aims to critically assess the assertion put forth by political economists regarding the characterization of the Palestinian Authority (PA) as having a neoliberal orientation. The research endeavors to verify the validity of this assertion through a comprehensive evaluation of the PA's policies and practices. To achieve this objective, the paper provides an in-depth theoretical exploration of neoliberalism and its agenda, with a particular focus on its relevance to the PA's context. Employing a critical methodology, the study thoroughly examines existing literature on the topic, concentrating on publications dating from 1994 onwards. Moreover, to enrich the depth of analysis, interviews are conducted with experts and officials who have held key economic positions within the PA. The study commences with the premise that adopting certain neoliberal policies does not automatically classify the PA as neoliberal in its entirety. Ultimately, the research concludes that labeling the PA as neoliberal is unfounded, citing flawed reasoning in connecting premises and conclusions, as well as a lack of alignment between the PA's functional role and the prevailing contextual circumstances within which it operates.